Twenty-first to twenty-fourth dynasties Late Period , B. Twenty-fifth to thirtieth dynasties Graeco-Roman Period , B. World History Timeline: Ancient Egypt. Chronology of Ancient Egypt. Digital Egypt for Universities: Chronology. Wikipedia: Egyptian Chronology. Back to Exhibitions. The Old Babylonian Empire begins with Sumu-abum. It rose to power and influence with the rise of Hammurabi. It lasted from roughly BC to BC.
From to BC, its capital city, Babylon, was perhaps the largest city in the world. The last king, Samsu-Ditana was overthrown after a Hittite invasion.
So, the First Babylonian Dynasty lasted roughly years. The Old Assyrian Empire begins with the founding of Ashur. The Old Empire fell to Hammurabi's forces. The Old Assyrian Empire lasted roughly years. The main cities were Ashur, Ninevah, and Nimrud with Ashur still the capital. So, the middle period lasted rougly years. Some historians have claimed that the Neo-Assyrian Empire was the first "real" empire in human history.
The empire lasted roughly years. So, the Chaldean Dynasty lasted roughly 80 years. The ruler Mursili was able to conquer Babylon in BC. The invasion overextended the resources of the Hittites and Mursili was assassinated when he returned from the invasion. So, the Old Empire lasted roughly years. Unfortunately, there is very little information regarding this period. Historians believe that it lasted from to BC.
So, it lasted roughly 70 years. This began a major resurgence of Hittite power. Its capital city was Hattusa. The empire declined with the rise of the Meditteranean Sea Peoples who succeeded in cutting off the Hittite trade routes.
In , Hattusa was destroyed by invading armies. So, the new Hittite Kingdom lasted roughly years. According to Herodotus, the Lydians were the first to have gold and silver coins. Lydia was conquered by the Persians in BC. Phrygians were a short lived kingdom. The capital city was Gordion. Buddhist stupa at Sanchi built during the Mauryan Empire. Over 1, sites have been found of cities and community settlements. Around BC, there are signs of a major decline with ost fo the cities abandoned.
Climate change may have been the cause of the decline. Unfortunately, little is known about this early civilization. The origin of Vedic Civilization is controversial but for purposes of this hub, I will follow Wikipedia and place its beginning around BC.
The period ends around BC with the rise of the Mahanjanapadas. This period lasted from - BC. So, it lasted roughly years. These are the16 "Great Kingdoms" of India. The kingdoms emerged from the nomadic Jana tribes around BC. This is also considered the golden age of Sanskrit literature. Around BC, they had merged to four major kingdoms. Their major period was BC to BC. Magadha was one of the sixteen Mahanjanapada kingdoms.
Its first capital city was originally Rajagriha but later it was Pataliputra. This lasted from BC to BC. It eventually fell to the Nanda Dynasty. The empire lasted roughly years and it fell to Chandragupta Maurya and his Maurya Empire. This empire unified most of India. The empire began in with the ascension of Chadragupta Maurya.
The empire had begun to fall apart in BC after the death of Ashoka the Great when in-fighting between rulers and invasions from external groups destabilized the empire. This was a dynasty that lasted from BC to AD. Its capital was Vanchi Muthur. The first Chera ruler was Perumchottu Utiyan Cheralatan.
Around AD, there empire comes to an end with the invasions by the Kalabhras. Its major cities were Urayur and Kaveripattinam with the original capital being at Urayur. Around AD, they were conquered by the Kalabhras. Its capital was Pataliputra. So, the Sunga Empire lasted years. The dynasty started when Vasudeva ousted the last ruler of the Sunga Dynasty.
They eventually fell to Satavahanas Dynasty. The dynasty lasted less than 50 years. This dynasty lasted from BC to around AD. The Satavahanas took power after the death of Ashoka. Around AD, the central state was losing power to local authorities.
The end of Satavahana Dynasty occurs as small dynasties divide up the territory. The dynasty lasted roughly years. Elam is an ancient civilization in southwest Iran whose major city was Susa. Their civilization is divided into three periods. Around , the dynasty comes to the end with invasions by the Guti people. Susa once again is the capital. The dynasty comes to an end around BC when they are driven out of their territory by Hammurabi.
The Elamite state comes back around BC. It reaches the peak of its power around BC. The collapse of the Middle Elamite empire occurs when they they are conquered by Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylonia. In BC, there is mention of a king of Elam.
It appears that during this period, the Elamite region is divided into separate warring regions. The period comes ot an end in BC when they are conquered by the Assyrian Ashurbanipal. Seleucid I was a general under Alexander the Great. Over time, the empire began to decline. In 63 BC, they were conquered by Rome. Around BC, Adragorus, a satrap under the Seleucid rule was able to declare his independence.
Although he was killed in BC by a political rival, the Parthian Empire continued. The empire eventually fell in AD to the Sassanian Empire. The Xia Dynasty is the first dynasty mentioned in traditional histories. According to legend, the dynasty begins around BC when the rule Shun abdicated in favor of his minister Yu. The dynasty ends around BC with a corrupt king Jie who is ousted by Tang, the head of the Shang people.
So, it lasted for years. Its capital city was Yin. The dynasty comes to an end in BC when the Shang lose a major battle to the Zhou and the last Shang leader Shang Zhou commits suicide. So, it lasted for roughly years. The Zhou Dynasty begins with Ji. Its capital city is Hao.
This is the time of Confucius, Lao Tzi, the founder of Daoism. The dynasty changes significantly in BC when King You decides to leave his queen and marry a concubine. This first period is called the Western Zhou period.
In BC, a war is fought between King You and the family of his former queen. The queen's son Ji Yijiu becomes king and the capital is moved to Luoyang. This period is called the Eastern Zhou period. It ends around BC when the feudal lords rise in power and are able to eclipse the power of the Zhou family.
It lasts from BC until around BC. In this period, the Zhou ruling family are primarily figureheads. This is the time when Sun Tzu wrote the Art of War. The state of Qin becomes very powerful and in BC, it takes over the Shu area. In BC at the battle of Changping, the Qin win a decisive victory.
He becomes the first emperor of China. This is the beginning of Imperial China. The emperor Huhai is forced to kill himself. In BC, the Kingdom of Han is established. The Han Dynasty begins officially with the rise of Liu Bang.
This is the when the Silk Road was established. In 25 AD, the Han are able to take back their power. This period is called the Eastern Han Dynasty. The Eastern Han Dynasty lasts until AD when with the rise of local overlords, the Han effectively lost their power. The Parthenon, a symbol of Classic Greek civilization. It is believed that Minoan Civilization began roughly around BC.
This is the time when the Palace at Knossos is believed to have begun. Around BC, the entire center was destroyed. It is believed that this may have been caused by a natural disaster or a successful invasion. Historians call this the Protopalatial Period. After this sudden change, the civilization is rebuilt. Around BC begins the next period which is known as the Neopalatial Period. Then, in BC, there was perhaps one of the largest volcanic explosions of all time at Thera.
By BC, the Mycenae have conquered Crete. From BC, the Mycenaean Civilization has been destroyed. According to legend, this came from a Doric Invasion from Persia but there is little evidence to support this. There is evidence that the palace was burned down around BC. From this point, Greece enters into a Dark Age. Ancient Greece emerges from its dark ages around BC. From the view of historians, it ends with the death of Alexander the Great in BC. So, it lasts roughly years. The Hellenistic period begins with the death of Alexander the Great.
Archeological evidence supports this date as the founding of Rome. This earliest period lasts until BC when the king, Tarquin the Proud was ousted from power. So it lasted roughly years.
The origins of the Etruscans is not well known but it is believed that they began around BC and were prior to Rome, the major power in the region. So, they lasted for roughly years. The Roman Republic begins in BC with the ouster of King Tarquin the proud and the establishment of a republic based on a constitution.
The republic lasted until 44 BC when Julius Caesar was assassinated. It lasted for roughly years. Romes starts to greatly decline in power around AD when Constantine made Constantinople the new capital of Rome. In AD, the Visigoths successfully destroyed much of Rome. The empire formally ends in AD with the abdication of the last emperor Romulus Augustus to the Germanic chief Odoacer. Its capital is at Arzashkun. Urartu still continues until BC when it is effectively part of Assyria.
It ends in 72 AD when it becomes part of the Roman Empire. This was a kingdom that lasted from BC until AD. Around BC, for reasons that are currently unknown, the people of the Canaan area took the the seas. Their capital was Byblos. And new dating analyses suggest that the interlude between the two kingdoms was perhaps little more than a century—much shorter than Egyptologists once thought, says Schneider.
The break between kingdoms, in other words, may have been briefer and less traumatic than previously believed. Follow Andrew Lawler at www. All rights reserved. Share Tweet Email. Why it's so hard to treat pain in infants. This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city. Animals Wild Cities This wild African cat has adapted to life in a big city Caracals have learned to hunt around the urban edges of Cape Town, though the predator faces many threats, such as getting hit by cars.
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